Citation guides
Our citation generator is great for automatically compiling your bibliographies, but it's still important you know the process of creating a bibliography manually, and the reasons why citing your sources is necessary.
For these reasons we have prepared the following set of guides to assist you:
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View more guides- Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae style
- American Anthropological Association style
- Acta Pharmaceutica style
- African Zoology style
- AIDS style
- American Journal of Archaeology style
- American Journal of Health Behavior style
- American Journal of Neuroradiology style
- American Psychological Association 6th edition (Spanish/Español) style
- Asian Studies Review style
- American Sociological Association style
- Biochemical Journal style
- Cellular Reprogramming style
- Coral Reefs style
- Corrosion style
- ACS Nano style
- Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica style
- Biophysical Journal style
- Ecosystems style
- Elsevier (numeric, with titles, sorted alphabetically) style
- Administrative Science Quarterly style
- Anesthesia and Analgesia style
- Equine Veterinary Education style
- BioTechniques style
- Building Structure (Chinese) style
- Carcinogenesis style
- Cell style
- ACM SIGCHI Proceedings style
- Annual Reviews (author-date) style
- ACM SIGGRAPH style
- ACM SIG Proceedings ("et al." for 15+ authors) style
- Equine Veterinary Journal style
- Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences) (Swedish) style
- Archaeometry style
- Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie style
- Federation of European Microbiological Societies style
- ACM SIGCHI Proceedings - Extended Abstract Format style
- Chest style
- Chinese Std GB/T 7714-2005 (author-date, Chinese) style
- Chinese Std GB/T 7714-2005 (numeric, Chinese) style
- Allergy style
- American Institute of Physics style
- Acta Materialia style
- American Chemical Society (author-date) style
- American Psychological Association 6th edition (Université de Montréal) (French - Canada) style
- Acta Naturae style
- Acta Palaeontologica Polonica style
- ASAIO Journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs) style
- Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine style
- American Journal of Plant Sciences style
- Clinical Otolaryngology style
- Fish and Fisheries style
- Australian Historical Studies style
- American Mineralogist style
- Advanced Functional Materials style
- Annals of Botany style
- Antiquity style
- BioMed Research International style
- American Psychological Association 6th edition (Turkish) style
- Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (note, Portuguese - Brazil) style
- Biochemical Society Transactions style
- Conservation Biology style
- Free Radical Research style
- ANPET - Congresso de Pesquisa e Ensino em Transportes (Portuguese - Brazil) style
- Ausonius Éditions (French) style
- Austrian Legal (German - Austria) style
- Bioinformatics style
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering style
- American Chemical Society (with titles, sentence case) style
- Acta Polytechnica style
- Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien style
- Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences style
- Campus adventiste du Salève - Faculté adventiste de théologie (French) style
- Chicago Manual of Style 16th edition (author-date, German) style
- Biological Psychiatry style
- Geistes- und Kulturwissenschaften (Heilmann) (German) style
- Clinical Infectious Diseases style
- Conservation Letters style
- Conservation Physiology style
- Copernicus Publications style
- Elsevier Vancouver style
- Current Protocols journals style
- Arthritis & Rheumatism style
- Forensic Science Review style
- Freshwater Science style
- Acta Philosophica style
- Gastroenterology style
- Genome Biology and Evolution style
- Acta Ophthalmologica style
- Russian GOST R 7.0.5-2008 (Russian) style
- BioMed Central style
- Clinical Microbiology and Infection style
- Coventry University - Harvard style
- Ameghiniana style
- American Political Science Association style
- Harvard - University of Limerick style
- Harvard - The University of Melbourne style
- American Society of Mechanical Engineers style
- Genèses: Sciences sociales et histoire (French) style
- Global Ecology and Biogeography style
- Harvard - University of Wolverhampton style
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition style
- American Chemical Society style
- Heart Rhythm style
- INTER: Romanian Review for Theological and Religious Studies style
- Annals of the Association of American Geographers style
- Harvard - Anglia Ruskin University style
- Aquatic Living Resources style
- Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie style
- Harvard - Cardiff University style
- Arzneimitteltherapie style
- Journal of Applied Animal Science style
- Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas - Universidade Federal do Paraná (Portuguese - Brazil) style
- Harvard - Durham University Business School style
- Journal of Chemical Ecology style
- Association for Computational Linguistics - Conference Proceedings style
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta style
- Journal of Combinatorics style
- Journal of Veterinary Cardiology style
- Alternatives to Animal Experimentation style
- Biotropica style
- British Journal of Political Science style
- Landes Bioscience Journals style
- British Journal of Surgery style
- Latin American Perspectives style
- BYZANTINA SYMMEIKTA style
- Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica style
- Law & Society Review style
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press style
- AMBIO style
- American Journal of Political Science style
- Liver International style
- De Buck (Dutch) style
- Ecology Letters style
- Harvard - Institut für Praxisforschung (Bahr & Frackmann) (German) style
- Metallurgical and Materials Transactions style
- American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine style
- American Phytopathological Society style
- Emu - Austral Ornithology style
- American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics style
- Anesthesiology style
- Antarctic Science style
- American Chemical Society (page-first) style
- Harvard - Leeds Metropolitan University style
- American Psychological Association 5th edition style
- American Psychological Association 6th edition (single-spaced bibliography) style
- Advanced Engineering Materials style
- Annals of Biomedical Engineering style
- American Journal of Agricultural Economics style
- Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas - Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Portuguese - Brazil) style
- Ear and Hearing style
- Économie et Statistique (French) style
- Cerebral Cortex style
- Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (Spanish) style
- Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - FACE (Autoria abreviada. Exemplo: MENDES, J.) (Portuguese - Brazil) style
- Academy of Management Review style
- ACM SIG Proceedings ("et al." for 3+ authors) style
- Advances in Alzheimer's Disease style
- American Chemical Society (with titles, no "et al.") style
- Acta Neurochirurgica style
- Advances in Complex Systems style
- Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata style
- Council of Science Editors, Citation-Sequence (numeric) style
- Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research style
- Annual Review of Medicine style
- Harvard - University of Cape Town style
- Aging Cell style
- Annals of Neurology style
- Australian Veterinary Journal style
- Advanced Materials style
- Avian Conservation and Ecology style
- American Journal of Surgical Pathology style
- Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research style
- Methods in Ecology and Evolution style
- University of Kent - Harvard style
- American Chemical Society (with titles) style
- American Association for Cancer Research style
- Anticancer Research style
- Body & Society style
- British Journal of Anaesthesia style
- American Journal of Botany style
- Harvard - University of Leeds style
- National Science Foundation (grant proposals) style
- American Psychological Association 6th edition (Provost) (French - Canada) style
- Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (Portuguese - Brazil) style
- American Geophysical Union style
- Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas - Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (Portuguese - Brazil) style
- Boreal Environment Research style
- Ethics (for book reviews) style
- ISO-690 (author-date, Czech) style
- American Association of Petroleum Geologists style
- Avian Diseases style
- Babes-Bolyai University - Faculty of Orthodox Theology (Romanian) style
- American Journal of Medical Genetics style
- British Journal of Dermatology style
- American Heart Association style
- American Journal of Human Genetics style
- American Chemical Society (with titles, page-first) style
- Bluebook Inline style
- BMJ style
- American Medical Association (sorted alphabetically) style
- Endocrine Press style
- Environmental Conservation style
- Entomological Society of America style
- American Veterinary Medical Association style
- Ethnobiology and Conservation style
- Israel Medical Association Journal style
- British Journal of Cancer style
- Neurology India style
- New Hart's Rules: The Oxford Style Guide style
- ergoscience style
- European Journal of Soil Science style
- European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases style
- Annual Reviews (sorted by order of appearance) style
- American Psychological Association 6th edition (curriculum vitae, sorted by descending date) style
- European Journal of Pain style
- Avian Pathology style
- Biochemistry style
- American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics style
- Evolution & Development style
- Bulletin of Marine Science style
- American Medical Association (no URL) style
- Council of Science Editors, Citation-Name (numeric, sorted alphabetically) style
- European Journal of Political Research style
- Brain style
- Canadian Public Policy style
- American Psychological Association 6th edition (annotated bibliography with abstract) style
- Fachhochschule Vorarlberg (German) style
- Chicago Manual of Style 16th edition (author-date, Basque) style
- European Journal of Information Systems style
- Eye style
- Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment style
- British Journal of Haematology style
- Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering style
- American Psychological Association 6th edition (German/Deutsch) style
- Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - FACE (Autoria completa. Exemplo: MENDES, José) (Portuguese - Brazil) style
- American Journal of Epidemiology style
- Chroniques des activités archéologiques de l'Ecole française de Rome (French) style
- Chicago Manual of Style 16th edition (full note) style
- Decision Sciences style
- Geological Magazine style
- Association for Computing Machinery style
- Chicago Manual of Style 16th edition (library list) style
- American Medical Association (no "et al.") style
- Chicago Manual of Style 16th edition (note, annotated bibliography) style
- Oral Diseases style
- Oxford Centre for Mission Studies (Harvard) style
- American Medical Association style
- Australian Guide to Legal Citation style
- American Psychological Association 6th edition (French/Français) style
- American Psychological Association 6th edition (Italian/Italiano) style
- Evolutionary Anthropology style
- American Phytopathological Society (numeric) style
- Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy style
- DIN 1505-2 (numeric, German) style
- Circulation style
- Council of Science Editors, Name-Year (author-date) style
- American Physiological Society style
- Chinese Std GB/T 7714-1987 (numeric, Chinese) style
- Chicago Manual of Style 16th edition (note) style
- Cytometry style
- Elsevier Harvard 2 style
- DIN 1505-2 (numeric, sorted alphabetically, German) style
- France (tous les auteurs, numérotation, French) style
- Freshwater Biology style
- Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie (German) style
- American Meteorological Society style
- Bioelectromagnetics style
- Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation style
- Annual Reviews (sorted alphabetically) style
- Clays and Clay Minerals style
- Cite Them Right 10th edition - Harvard style
- Journal for the History of Astronomy style
- Database style
- Diatom Research style
- Annales. Histoire, Sciences sociales (French) style
- Annals of Oncology style
- Deutsches Archäologisches Institut style
- Parasitology style
- Protein Science style
- EMBO reports style
- Engineering in Life Sciences style
- Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics style
- Frontiers in Optics style
- American Society of Civil Engineers style
- DIN 1505-2 (alphanumeric, German) style
- Elsevier (numeric, without titles) style
- Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences style
- Australian Journal of Earth Sciences style
- Gallia (French) style
- Genes to Cells style
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen - Institut für Ethnologie und Ethnologische Sammlung (German) style
- Harvard - Manchester Metropolitan University style
- Reviews of Modern Physics (with titles) style
- Annual Reviews (sorted by order of appearance, without titles) style
- Evolutionary Ecology Research style
- DNA Research style
- Earth Surface Processes and Landforms style
- Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science style
- Revista Virtual de Química (Portuguese - Brazil) style
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine style
- European Journal of Emergency Medicine style
- American Psychological Association 6th edition (no DOIs, no issue numbers) style
- American Psychological Association 6th edition style
- Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems style
- Ecological Entomology style
- Global Change Biology style
- Revue archéologique du Centre de la France (French) style
- European Journal of Immunology style
- CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets style
- Journal of Bone and Mineral Research style
- Harvard - Staffordshire University style
- Emerald journals (Harvard) style
- European Journal of Human Genetics style
- Austral Ecology style
- Biometrics style
- Ecology style
- Environment and Planning style
- European Journal of Neuroscience style
- Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters style
- Arachnology style
- American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America style
- Harvard style
- Harvard - City University London style
- Science style
- Small style
- European Cells & Materials style
- Fachhochschule Vorarlberg (alphanumeric, German) style
- Applied Spectroscopy style
- BibTeX generic citation style style
- Biological Journal of the Linnean Society style
- Current Proteomics style
- Journal of Fish Diseases style
- Harvard - University of Gloucestershire style
- France (tous les auteurs, auteur-date, French) style
- Genetics style
- Blood style
- Bluebook Law Review (2) style
- Biological Reviews style
- Disability and Rehabilitation style
- Harvard - Gesellschaft für Bildung und Forschung in Europa (German) style
- European Journal of Ophthalmology style
- Society for General Microbiology style
- British Ecological Society style
- Bluebook Law Review style
- Health Policy and Planning style
- Histoire & Mesure (French) style
- Fachhochschule Kiel - Fachbereich Medien (German) style
- Freie Universität Berlin - Geographische Wissenschaften (German) style
- Hamburg School of Food Science (diploma, German) style
- Human Brain Mapping style
- Centaurus style
- Chicago style
- Arachne style
- Archéologie médiévale (French) style
- Journal of Internal Medicine style
- Harvard - Cape Peninsula University of Technology style
- Forest Science style
- Geology style
- Infoclio (German - Switzerland) style
- Information Systems Research style
- Brazilian Journal of Botany style
- British Journal of Pharmacology style
- Sociology of Health & Illness style
- Journal of Management Information Systems style
- Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research style
- Hypotheses in the Life Sciences style
- Histoire@Politique. Politique, culture, société (French) style
- Harvard (German/Deutsch) style
- Health Services Research style
- Harvard - Manchester Business School style
- Cell Transplantation style
- Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française (French) style
- HAND style
- Harvard - Oxford Brookes University style
- Springer Vancouver (author-date) style
- Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics style
- Chicago Manual of Style 16th edition (full note, no Ibid.) style
- Hydrological Sciences Journal style
- Insectes Sociaux style
- International Journal of Epidemiology style
- Institute of Physics (numeric) style
- Harvard - University of Sunderland style
- History and Theory style
- Harvard - University of West London style
- Clio Medica style
- Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift (German) style
- Cell journals (numeric) style
- Cell Research style
- International Microbiology style
- Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma style
- Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies style
- Hydrobiologia style
- International Journal of Cancer style
- ICES Journal of Marine Science style
- Chicago Manual of Style 16th edition (note, no Ibid.) style
- Critical Care Medicine style
- Invertebrate Systematics style
- Ingeniería Agrícola (Spanish) style
- Indian Journal of Medical Research style
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases style
- Currents in Biblical Research style
- Human Mutation style
- International Journal of Audiology style
- International Journal of Lexicography style
- ISO-690 (note, without bibliography, Czech) style
- ISO-690 (numeric, brackets, Czech) style
- International Union of Crystallography journals style
- Stavební obzor (Czech) style
- The International Journal of Developmental Biology style
- Chemical Senses style
- Chicago Manual of Style 16th edition (figures and illustrations) style
- Drugs of Today style
- Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean style
- Die Bachelorarbeit (Samac et al.) (in-text, German) style
- Environmental & Engineering Geoscience style
- The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society style
- Deutsche Gesellschaft für Psychologie (German) style
- Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy style
- Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry style
- International Pig Veterinary Society Congress Proceedings style
- International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health style
- Environmental Microbiology style
- Journal of Applied Philosophy style
- Die Bachelorarbeit (Samac et al.) (note, German) style
- Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering style
- DIN 1505-2 (author-date, German) style
- Diplo style
- Journal of Adolescent Health style
- International Journal of Wildland Fire style
- Elsevier Harvard (without titles) style
- Journal of Elections, Public Opinion & Parties style
- University College Dublin - School of History & Archives style
- Journal of Paleontology style
- Clay Minerals style
- Collection du Centre Jean-Bérard (French) style
- Journal of Animal Science style
- Journal of Hearing Science style
- European Retail Research style
- Journal of Roman Archaeology (A) style
- Invertebrate Biology style
- University of South Australia 2013 (Harvard) style
- Écoscience style
- Environmental Chemistry style
- Journal of Industrial Ecology style
- Journal of Morphology style
- Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery style
- Journal of Dental Research style
- ISO-690 (author-date, Slovak) style
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique - Sciences sociales (author-date, French) style
- ISO-690 (author-date, French) style
- Urban Studies style
- Vienna Legal style
- Journal of Petrology style
- Drug Testing and Analysis style
- Journal of Mammalogy style
- Irish Historical Studies style
- Journal of Neurosurgery style
- Jahrbuch der Österreichischen Byzantinischen Gesellschaft style
- Cuadernos de Filología Clásica. Estudios Griegos e Indoeuropeos (autor-año, Spanish) style
- Water Environment Research style
- ISO-690 (note, no abstract, French) style
- Journalistica (Danish) style
- Journal of the American College of Surgeons style
- ISO-690 (full note, Slovak) style
- Journal of Simulation style
- Interdisziplinäre Zeitschrift für Technologie und Lernen (German) style
- First Monday style
- French Politics style
- Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute style
- Journal of Alzheimer's Disease style
- El profesional de la información (Spanish) style
- Journal of Atrial Fibrillation style
- Journal of Basic Microbiology style
- Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry style
- Manchester University Press monographs style
- Journal of Perinatal Medicine style
- Journal of Glaciology style
- European Society of Cardiology style
- Journal of Avian Biology style
- Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology style
- Early Medieval Europe style
- McDonald Institute Monographs style
- Journal of Separation Science style
- Journal of Human Evolution style
- Russian GOST R 7.0.5-2008 (numeric) style
- Evolution style
- Flavour and Fragrance Journal style
- Journal of Investigative Dermatology style
- Environmental Health Perspectives style
- Current Opinion journals style
- Épidémiologie et Santé Animale style
- Journal of Lipid Research style
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology - School of Computer Science and Communication style
- Harvard - North-West University style
- Free Radical Biology & Medicine style
- Journal of the American Association of Laboratory Animal Science style
- International Journal of Climatology style
- Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing style
- Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia style
- Ekonomie a Management (Czech) style
- Modern Language Association 6th edition (note) style
- Future Science Group style
- Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences Proceedings style
- International Journal of Exercise Science style
- Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association style
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society style
- Microbial Drug Resistance style
- Geoarchaeology style
- Grasas y Aceites style
- International Organization style
- European Union Interinstitutional Style Guide style
- Les Journées de la Recherche Avicole (French) style
- Journal of the American Society of Nephrology style
- Journal of Common Market Studies style
- Elsevier Harvard (with titles) style
- FOLD&R (Fasti On Line Documents & Research) style
- Language in Society style
- Fertility and Sterility style
- Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society style
- European Respiratory Journal style
- Journal of Computational Chemistry style
- France (auteurs et al., auteur-date, French) style
- G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics style
- Les Journées de la Recherche Porcine (French) style
- Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions style
- Le tapuscrit (École des hautes études en sciences sociales) (note, French) style
- Medical Physics style
- Mineralogical Magazine style
- Sascha Foerster - Geisteswissenschaft (German) style
- Hochschule für Wirtschaft und Recht Berlin (German) style
- Molecular Therapy style
- Harvard - Bath University style
- Meteoritics & Planetary Science style
- France (auteurs et al., numérotation, French) style
- Geografie Sborník ČGS (Czech) style
- Frontiers medical journals style
- Journal of Hypertension style
- Molecular Biology and Evolution style
- Harvard - Newcastle University style
- Journal of Transport Geography style
- Harvard - King's College London style
- Molecular Microbiology style
- Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation style
- Geopolitics style
- Harvard - AGPS (Australia) style
- Harvard - Oxford Brookes University - Faculty of Health and Life Sciences style
- Harvard - The University of Sheffield - School of East Asian Studies style
- Investigative Radiology style
- Nature (no "et al.") style
- New Phytologist style
- Nature Neuroscience (brief communications) style
- Human Pathology style
- Interaction Design & Architecture(s) style
- Harvard - The University of Sheffield - Town and Regional Planning style
- Harvard - University of Birmingham style
- New Solutions style
- Nucleic Acids Research style
- Harvard - Imperial College London style
- International Journal of Electronic Commerce style
- Ophthalmology style
- Pediatric Blood & Cancer style
- Palaeontologia Electronica style
- Human Resource Management Journal style
- Harvard - Swinburne University of Technology style
- Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery style
- Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine style
- Frontiers journals style
- Frontiers in Physics style
- Psychiatry Research style
- Harvard - The University of Northampton style
- Harvard - University of Technology, Sydney style
- Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research style
- Journal of Evolutionary Biology style
- Pontifical Gregorian University (Italian) style
- RadioGraphics style
- Springer Physics (author-date) style
- Harvard - London South Bank University style
- Limnology and Oceanography style
- Journal of Integrated OMICS style
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America style
- SAGE Harvard style
- Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie (German) style
- International Studies Association style
- Harvard - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (Spanish) style
- Journal of Forensic Sciences style
- Studia BAS (Polish) style
- The American Naturalist style
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta style
- London South Bank University (numeric) style
- Journal of Neuroscience and Neuroengineering style
- Psychiatric Services style
- Language style
- Modern Humanities Research Association 3rd edition (note with bibliography) style
- The British Journal of Cardiology style
- Journal of Infectious Diseases style
- Heredity style
- Human Reproduction style
- Harvard - University of Greenwich style
- Mohr Siebeck - Recht (German - Austria) style
- History of the Human Sciences style
- Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science style
- The Open University - M801 - Research Project and Dissertation style
- Modern Language Association 7th edition (German/Deutsch) style
- Journal of Nutrition style
- Harvard Reference format 7 (author-date, German) style
- Bournemouth University - Harvard style
- ISO-690 (numeric, French) style
- Journal of the American Water Resources Association style
- Molecular Plant style
- Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair style
- Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health style
- IEEE (with URL) style
- Infoclio (sans majuscules, French) style
- International Labour Organization style
- Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience style
- Harvard - University of Abertay Dundee style
- Manuel canadien de la référence juridique 7e édition (Guide McGill, French - Canada) style
- Microscopy and Microanalysis style
- Obesity style
- Pädagogische Hochschule Heidelberg (German) style
- Traffic Injury Prevention style
- Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis style
- Journal of Spinal Disorders & Techniques style
- Molecular Biology of the Cell style
- Harvard - University of Hull style
- Harvard - University of the West of England (Bristol) style
- Immunological Reviews style
- ISO-690 (numeric, parentheses, Czech) style
- Journal of Applied Ecology style
- ISO-690 (numeric, Lithuanian) style
- Middle East Critique style
- Hong Kong Journal of Radiology style
- Revue de Médecine Vétérinaire (French) style
- Infoclio (petites majuscules, French) style
- Journal of European Public Policy style
- Le Mouvement Social (French) style
- Trends journals style
- University of Bologna - Liberal Arts College (Università di Bologna - Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia) (Italian) style
- The Journal of Biological Chemistry style
- Journal of Information Technology style
- National Archives of Australia style
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society style
- Guide des références pour la rédaction juridique 7e édition (Guide Lluelles, French - Canada) style
- Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz style
- Nature Publishing Group Vancouver style
- Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine style
- Journal of Field Ornithology style
- Journal of Tropical Ecology style
- Moorlands College style
- Pediatric Anesthesia style
- Human-Wildlife Interactions style
- Université de Picardie Jules Verne (Amiens) - Thèse de UFR de Médecine style
- Journal of Rheumatology style
- Society of Automotive Engineers Technical Papers (numeric) style
- Journal of Marketing style
- Harvard - York University style
- IICA-CATIE (Spanish) style
- International Journal of Humanoid Robotics style
- Vingtième Siècle. Revue d'histoire (French) style
- Wissenschaftlicher Industrielogistik-Dialog (German - Austria) style
- Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons style
- Natureza & Conservação (Brazilian Journal of Nature Conservation) (Portuguese - Brazil) style
- Revue française de sociologie (French) style
- Health Economics, Policy and Law style
- Journal of Vegetation Science style
- Zeitschrift für Medienwissenschaft (German) style
- Plant Physiology style
- Population, Space and Place style
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology style
- International Conference on Information Systems Development style
- Neuropsychopharmacology style
- Society for Historical Archaeology style
- Journal of Orthopaedic Research style
- Kindheit und Entwicklung style
- Quaderni degli Avogadro Colloquia style
- Revista de Biología Tropical (International Journal of Tropical Biology and Conservation) style
- Nature style
- Nature (no superscript) style
- OSCOLA (Oxford University Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities) style
- Paleobiology style
- Journal of Archaeological Research style
- médecine/sciences style
- SPIE BiOS style
- The Holocene style
- Séminaire Saint-Sulpice - Ecole Théologie (French) style
- Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research style
- Navigation style
- O.W. Barth Verlag (German) style
- Thieme E-Journals Vancouver style
- Journal of the Association for Information Systems style
- Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy style
- Springer Physics (numeric, brackets) style
- Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemists style
- Political Studies style
- Journal of Food Protection style
- Journal of Pollination Ecology style
- Juristische Zitierweise (Stüber) (German) style
- Springer SocPsych (numeric, brackets) style
- International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics style
- Pontifical Biblical Institute style
- Soziale Welt (German) style
- Spandidos Publications style
- Journal of Molecular Endocrinology style
- Journal of Visualized Experiments style
- Kidney International style
- The Journal of Physiology style
- Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry style
- International Journal of Sport Medicine style
- Universität Freiburg - Geschichte (German) style
- New Zealand Plant Protection style
- Magnetic Resonance in Medicine style
- PeerJ style
- Physiological and Biochemical Zoology style
- Revue des Nouvelles Technologies de l'Information (French) style
- Journal of Zoology style
- Inter-Research Science Center style
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Referencing your sources - A simple introduction
In higher education when ever you include a fact or piece of information in an assignment or essay you must also include where and how you found that piece of information. Even if you 'just know it' - it has to have come from somewhere. This is because in higher education assignment writing you are not just being tested on what you know, but rather what you are able to find out and what you think it means.
Details about where you found the information utilised to write your assignment are kept in two chapters right at the very end, called the reference list and bibliography. The reference list is where you list the direct quotes or paraphrased findings of another author. The bibliography is where you list sources you've read for background information, but did not directly include in your work. In addition, a small mention to the author and publish year, within brackets, must be given in the main body of your assignment wherever you make a reference.
Referencing Styles
To make the reference list and bibliography consistent and easy to read across different papers there are predefined styles stating how to set them out - these are called citation styles. Different subjects prefer to each use different styles. The following are the most popular:
- APA. APA is an author/date based style. This means emphasis is placed on the author and the date of a piece of work to uniquely identify it.
- MLA. MLA is most often applied by the arts and humanities, particularly in the USA. It is arguably the most well used of all of the citation styles.
- Harvard. Harvard is very similar to APA. Where APA is primarily used in the USA, Harvard referencing is the most well used referencing style in the UK and Australia, and is encouraged for use with the humanities.
- Vancouver. The Vancouver system is mainly used in medical and scientific papers.
- Chicago and Turabian. These are two separate styles but are very similar, just like Harvard and APA. These are widely used for history and economics.
Regardless of what subject you're writing for, you should use the style your university and tutor recommend and you must not mix-and-match. At the moment Cite This For Me generates references for the APA, MLA, and Harvard referencing systems only.
Plagiarism
If you quote or paraphrase another author's work without including a reference to it you are plagiarising. Not only is it very easy to detect plagiarism using online services like Turn It In, but it is also very easy for your tutor to spot it just by reading your work. Remember - you are not being marked on your ability to write facts or show off what you know. Any assumptions or facts you state must have someone else's credible work to back you up. Plagiarism does not only mean cheating, it is mainly used to describe forgetting or not realising to include a reference to other's work or theories.